1. Recognize the glioma molecular subgroups and associate specific molecular signatures with prognosis and response to treatment.

2. Review the preclinical pathway from molecular target identification to validated model systems that underpin clinical trials of molecular targeted therapy in cancer and application to glioma clinical trials.

3. Discuss the importance of iterative clinical trial readouts with feedback to laboratory-based reassessment and refinement on the path to improved therapies for glioma.