This lecture frames the proliferation of physician regulation by government and business as a complex response to medicine's professional growth as well as professional neglect through failures of self-regulation.  The lecture discusses five historical domains of regulatory changes in medicine:  medical schools, clinical research, informed consent requirements, cost controls, and hospital accreditation. In additional to social reasons for regulatory change, physician's roles in these phenomena will be explored.  One of the prominent themes is the professional ethic of self-regulation, and the lecture concludes by urging greater consideration of physician self-regulation in slowing, or preventing, further expansion of external controls on medical practice.